Cyclamen belongs to the Primrose family and includes about 20 types of flowers, of which only European, Neapolitan and Persian have gained popularity for growing at home. Today we will tell you how to care for cyclamen at home.

Growing such a flowering specimen on your own is quite difficult. To admire hybrids that have snow-white, pink, burgundy and purple colors, you must follow the principles of their content.

After acquiring a finished plant or its tuber, you should choose a place in the room without drafts, but also without air stagnation. First important condition- choose a place with good lighting, that is, on the east or west windowsill. If an indoor flower grows on a south window, it must be protected from direct sunlight.

It is recommended to allocate a place for the culture in a regularly ventilated room. Good lighting is especially relevant for such a handsome man during the budding period and when flowering occurs. Then the culture will fade, and then rest, and at this time lighting does not play a significant role.

Video "Secrets of caring for cyclamen"

Florist Nelly Murashkina will reveal three secrets that will help keep cyclamen in a state of bloom all year round, as well as talk about how to rejuvenate the plant.

Temperature

Also, home care for cyclamen involves monitoring the temperature in the room. Normally, your pet needs + 12-15 ° C. It is undesirable to increase the indicator to +20 °C or decrease it to +10 °C. Also, the neighborhood with a radiator or battery is harmful for the culture, especially in winter.

The grower needs to create an artificial temperature regime, since it is not easy to achieve an indicator of +15 ° C in a room in a natural way. Wintering is usually carried out at + 12–14 ° C, in summer it is recommended to achieve + 18–25 ° C. With the advent of the warm season, the container can be taken out to a shady place and buried.

Humidity

Another care for the handsome cyclamen includes checking the level of humidity in the air and the earth. You can achieve increased soil moisture in a pot if you place it on a pallet with wet expanded clay or small pebbles, and also place containers with water next to it. The soil in which the bulb lives should consist of peat, soddy soil, coarse sand, leafy humus, clay and vermiculite.

Do not spray with a spray bottle, especially when flowers appear. The minimum allowable irrigation interval may coincide with intensive leaf growth. A signal of dry air will be the yellowing of the surface of the foliage. To increase the humidity index, you can create a water mist near the windowsill.

Watering

Talking about how to care for cyclamen, one cannot ignore its proper watering. The peculiarity of the procedure is that it should be carried out often, but the amount of moisture should be moderate. When beautiful flowers appear, watering is carried out with soft and settled water, avoiding either overdrying or waterlogging of the earthy coma.

It is necessary to water the culture carefully so as not to soak the tubers and buds. The best solution for home care is watering through the pan. It is impossible for moisture to get on the cores, otherwise the tubers may rot.

For irrigation, it is customary to use water with a temperature index of 2-4 ° C below room temperature, pre-settled, filtered or rainwater.

After a couple of hours after the procedure, excess water must be drained. By the time the culture is about to bloom and hibernate, watering is gradually reduced. At the beginning of summer, when the foliage turns yellow and dries, the tubers become bare, you need to water your pet very rarely.

Depending on the variety, the culture is able to bloom from the second half of October to the end of March. When the flowers begin to wake up, at the end of summer - in the fall, they are returned from the garden or balcony to a bright, cool place in the room, gradually increasing watering.

top dressing

When growing cyclamen, additional dressings are required to be added to the ground. It is necessary to fertilize with active growth of the crop, the frequency of application is 1 time in 2 weeks. General mineral fertilizers intended for indoor plants are considered a good choice. They are usually purchased ready-made in a specialized store. If you have acquired a culture recently, then you will need to feed it only after 2-4 months. How many top dressings to make, you will be prompted by the instructions for each drug.

Transfer

At the end of summer, when heart-shaped leaves appear, it is necessary to grow cyclamens indoors. The transplantation procedure is carried out in a wide container, where a mixture of loose fresh soil, leafy soil, humus, peat and sand is placed in a ratio of 2: 3: 1: 1: 1. It is permissible to use a substrate of 2 parts of sheet, 1 part of decomposed humus soil, and 0.5 parts of sand. The acidity level of such a mixture should not exceed 6 pH.

When transplanting, it is necessary to carefully handle the roots, and the rotten parts must be cut off. Also, you should not completely deepen the tubers, then everything will go, as they say, super. Therefore, it should be planted so that about half is above the surface. You can take about 0.4 g of ammonium nitrate, 1 g of superphosphate and up to 4 g of phosphorus flour per 1 kg of substrate.

High-quality drainage is necessarily placed at the bottom of the tank. To get a new sprout of such a crop, it can be done by sowing seeds or dividing tubers.

Fight against diseases and viruses

In order for your flowers to look great and be healthy, you should properly care for them for more than one year. But even if all conditions are met, it is not always possible to keep a pet from diseases. The most common ailments include Fusarium wilt, wet and gray rot, root rot, anthracnose, and soot fungus.

You can determine that your plants have such as Fusarium wilt by yellowing the tops of the leaves, followed by a complete change in their color and wilting. The fungus penetrates the structure through young roots and infects the tubers. To combat it, watering with "Fundazol" is carried out, as well as spraying the aerial part with the drug "Topsin-M".

A dangerous bacterial infection is wet rot. It is characterized by the beginning of the withering of the culture, sagging foliage and peduncles, and the putrid smell of tubers. The source of the disease is water or diseased plants. Treatment is not carried out, the affected specimen is destroyed.

When cyclamen is affected by gray rot, the fungus provokes the appearance of mold on the surface of the stem and leaves, which causes darkening and death of parts of the culture. The foliage turns yellow, which leads to its death. For treatment, it is necessary to remove diseased parts, reduce watering, ventilate the room, but avoid drafts. Flowers are treated with a systemic fungicide.

Infection with root rot is possible when planting in ordinary garden soil, which has not been previously steamed. The causative agents of the infection are fungi that provoke the appearance of dark areas on the roots of the flowers and cause the leaves to turn pale. For treatment, the earth is shed with a systemic fungicide.

The development of anthracnose occurs in warm and humid conditions. Affected flower stalks stop developing and become distorted, then the disease causes the foliage to dry out and die. Pruning the affected parts and treating the culture with fungicides will help.

Soot fungus attacks plants by growing on the sweet secretions left by aphid colonies. The disease not only affects the foliage, which soon dries up, but also disrupts the growth of the entire culture. A characteristic coating from the surface is well removed with a solution of green soap. Then the plants are advised to treat with a copper-soap solution and rinse with warm water. Treatment can be carried out with a modern fungicide.

Cyclamen is a herbaceous perennial plant with exotic fragrant flowers. In nature, they are found in countries with a mild hot climate: the Mediterranean. Turkey, Iran. The plant does well when grown in pots. Caring for cyclamen at home has its own specifics. Violation of the rules of maintenance leads to the death of flowers. They are especially reverent with purchased imported specimens, which find it difficult to adapt to new conditions.

Cyclamens: types and features

The genus of cyclamen includes about 50 species, 20 of which are grown at home. The tuber of the plant is a round, flattened bulb with a growing point. Depending on the species, it grows up to 10-15 cm in diameter. Leaves basal with long petioles. Their distinguishing feature is a gray or silver pattern on the outside of the leaf plate. The flowers have elongated strong peduncles. Petals 2-3 cm long are slightly bent back. The color scheme is diverse, it includes all shades of pink, red, lilac, white. The number of buds on one adult plant reaches 60 pieces.

Information. Cyclamen root juice is used to treat sinusitis.

There are two main types of cyclamen used for growing at home.

Persian cyclamen

The homeland of the Persian species is Asia Minor, northern Africa and the Mediterranean. The perennial is characterized by large diameter flowers and tall peduncles. The leaves of the core form can reach 14 cm. They are dark green in color, covered with a marble silver pattern. Breeders have created many varieties of Persian cyclamen. He gained such popularity due to the long flowering and magnificent decorative appearance.

Persian cyclamen

The flowering period lasts from autumn to early spring. The height of the peduncles is 30 cm, flowers with a diameter of 5 cm are formed on them. The tips of the petals are pointed or fringed, bent back. Then the plant needs rest and rest. In May-June, it sheds leaves and freezes for several months. At this time, watering is reduced to a minimum. Withered flower stalks and leaves are removed. In August, the plant is transplanted into a new pot and watered regularly. The tuber grows up to 15 cm, its root system is located in the lower part. When transplanting, the tuber is not buried completely, 1/3 should be above the soil surface. Propagated only by seeds.

Alpine violet or European cyclamen

The European species of cyclamen is called alpine violet for its delicate smell and small bright flowers. Under natural conditions, they are found in the center of Europe, the Crimea, Italy. The tuber of an adult perennial has a diameter of 10 cm. The roots sprout from its entire surface, therefore, unlike the Persian species, the tuber is completely buried in the ground. Basal leathery leaves outside along the edge are covered with a silvery pattern. Their reverse side and petioles have a purple hue.

Thin strong peduncles grow up to 15 cm, the diameter of flowers is 2-3 cm. Flowering time falls on the warm season - from spring to autumn. Color range from pink to purple. After flowering, a fruit is formed - a box with seeds. The plant is not demanding on the conditions of detention. It does not drop leaves for the winter, does not have a clear dormant period. Reproduction of European cyclamen is possible by dividing the tuber and seeds.

Plant care rules

In order for the plant to please with a cap of bright colors, it is necessary to provide it with comfortable conditions. How to care for cyclamen at home? Beginners in the content of this plant should pay attention to several main points:

• priming;
• room temperature;
• watering;
• lighting;
• top dressing.

Watering Secrets

One of the first questions when buying a plant is how to properly water cyclamen. Improper agricultural practices are a common cause of plant death. Cyclamen is recommended to be watered through the pan. This method allows you to avoid getting moisture on the tuber and growing point. But it is worth considering the hardness of the water. A large amount of salts negatively affects the root system. Hard water must be defended for several days or filtered. When watering through a pan, the water is left to soak into the ground for an hour. Then the remaining liquid is drained. The procedure is best done in the morning, during the day the soil dries slightly.

Advice. A solution of succinic acid helps to dissolve and wash out excess salts from the soil (1 tablet per 1 liter of water). Use 1 time per month. Instead of succinic acid, you can take aspirin.

It is permissible to water the plants from above, moisture gently pours along the edge of the pot. Cyclamen loves coolness, so some flower growers replace watering with ice cubes or snow. This procedure is desirable in the summer heat. The recommended water temperature for irrigation is 2-3° lower than the temperature in the room.

Choosing a pot and soil

The substrate for planting the plant can be bought at the store. Suitable universal soil for flowers, soil for violets or geraniums. Adding sand and perlite will help make it more loose and moisture-intensive. The soil for cyclamen should be slightly acidic or neutral. You can cook it yourself. Would need:

• leaf ground - 3 parts;
• humus - 1 part;
• peat - 1 part;
• sand - 1 part.

The earth taken for the mixture on the street must be disinfected - calcined in the microwave or spilled with a solution of potassium permanganate. Drainage must be done at the bottom of the pot. Expanded clay, small pebbles, gravel are taken as the material. A Styrofoam balls that are recommended for others indoor plants are not suitable in this case.

For cyclamen, plastic and ceramic pots with drainage holes are used. It is better to choose a design designed for bottom irrigation. You should not look for a large container, for adult plants the optimal diameter is 14-15 cm, and for young plants it should be smaller. Choosing a pot for cyclamen should be based on the size of its tuber. There should be 2-3 cm from the edge of the bulb to the edge of the pot. In this case, the indoor flower develops correctly and blooms on time. A large capacity provokes increased moisture and root rot.

All types of cyclamens love coolness, a comfortable temperature in summer is 18-22 °, and in winter - 12-14 °. Increasing the temperature should be avoided, especially for purchased plants. Otherwise, they may fall into a dormant state. Flowers need diffused light, direct rays are destructive. The room must be ventilated frequently, but cyclamens should not be exposed to drafts.

The western and eastern sides are recommended for placing flowers. They love humidity, with increased dryness of the air, the leaves are carefully sprayed. But with the advent of buds, they switch to another way to increase humidity. The pot is placed in a tray with wet moss or expanded clay. For top dressing, liquid complex fertilizers are recommended, which are applied along with irrigation. The plant needs additional nutrition during the period of active vegetation and budding.

Attention. For cyclamen, use half the dosage recommended by fertilizer manufacturers.

The frequency of top dressing is once every two to four weeks. When choosing a drug, you should pay attention to the nitrogen content. Bulbous plants are contraindicated in excess of this element. Cyclamen flower does not need special care after flowering. It is enough to remove dried flower stalks and leaves, and place the tuber in a dark place. Watering is very rare, top dressing is excluded.

Reproduction methods

All types of cyclamen are propagated by seeds. You can buy them or grow them at home. Flowering cyclamens are pollinated with a brush and wait for the seed box to ripen. The European species can be propagated by tuber division.

Tuber division

The cyclamen tuber is dried before division. When cutting into pieces, make sure that there is a root and a bud with leaves everywhere. You don't need to do many parts. Sections are treated with brilliant green or activated charcoal, then they are given time to dry (2-3 days). Parts are planted in moist soil. For germination, the pot is placed in a bright place and regular watering is provided. The survival rate is not 100%, some may rot.

Growing from seeds

Before planting in the ground, I soak the seeds for a day in a solution of water and Zircon (4 drops per 0.5 l of water). For growing seedlings, light loose soil is taken, consisting in equal parts of peat, leafy soil, vermiculite and sand. A container with holes at the bottom is taken under the ground. A layer of expanded clay 2-3 cm high is poured into it. Prepared soil (6-7 cm) is poured on top. The soil is generously moistened. Seeds are laid out on a surface two cm apart, sprinkled with a small layer of earth. The container is covered with polyethylene to create a constant temperature and humidity.

The container is placed in a dark cool place. Waiting for seedlings is delayed for 1-3 months. During this period, the soil must be watered and ventilated. The pinkish-purple nodule appears first on the surface. When two leaves grow, the seedlings dive and settle in separate pots. After 1-2 weeks, they are fed with complex fertilizer (reducing the concentration by 2 times). Cyclamen flowering will have to wait more than a year. But plants grown at home will be hardier and healthier than purchased ones.

Pitfalls of purchased cyclamen

Purchased cyclamen is handled with care. The plant, before entering the house, experienced several stresses due to transplantation and a change in the usual climate. The conditions of his content in the greenhouse are different from home. The flower needs to be helped to get used to a new life. Cyclamen transplant after purchase is recommended after 1-2 months. Vigorous peduncles and leaves after a day in the apartment may wilt. Do not rush to water or feed them.

The plant adjusts to the new temperature and humidity. Choose a cool but bright place for it. Check the degree of moistening of the earthy coma with a dry stick. Pour over the drip tray if necessary. Fertilizers will not be needed for several months. The fact is that store specimens are over-fed for abundant flowering. Leaflets will help to recover spraying with water with "Zircon". It is a universal growth regulator that increases disease resistance and rooting activity.

When is a transplant needed?

Often, indoor flowers are sold in shipping soil, not intended for long-term use. It is poor in nutrients, but saturated with a large amount of fertilizer. This supports the plant for a certain time, and then it begins to turn yellow and wither. From such soil, transplantation is desirable before the end of the adaptation period. Change the soil is necessary in the following situations:

• noticed pests in the ground;
• poor quality of the substrate;
• rotting of plant roots.

Flower transplant

A planned cyclamen transplant at home occurs every 2-3 years. The time depends on the type of plant - the European is transplanted in the spring, and the Persian in the fall. This is the period before the start of active vegetation. The procedure is performed by transshipment. The plant is placed in a new pot with a clod of earth braided with roots. In a more spacious container, only the required amount of soil is added. Don't forget the drainage layer.

When transplanting purchased flowers, it is recommended to thoroughly clean the roots of the old soil. An earthen mixture for bulbous plants ("Tulip", "Florin") is poured into a new pot. The soil should be slightly acidic. For a young cyclamen, a pot with a diameter of 7-8 cm is enough, for an older one (3-5 years) - 14-15 cm.

When planting, the European cyclamen tuber is completely covered with soil, and the Persian tuber is only 2/3. In a high-quality substrate, top dressing will not be required for 1-2 months.

Cyclamen problems

The main problem that worries flower growers is why cyclamen does not bloom at home. There may be several reasons:

• heat indoors, at 25-28 ° the plant does not lay buds;
• lack of mineral fertilizers or excess nitrogen in the soil;
• waterlogging or dry soil;
• the pot is too large in diameter;
• lack of lighting;
• plant diseases (rot, cyclamen mite).

Diseases and pests

One of the most common plant pests is the cyclamen mite. It appears with excessive moisture. Under the influence of the pest, the leaves curl and dry. Spraying with Aktara helps to destroy the tick. Violations of agricultural technology lead to the appearance of gray rot on the petioles and leaves. Its main symptom is a gray coating. This is a fungal infection that is treated with fungicides. It will need to be transplanted into new soil.

With proper care, cyclamen pleases with its beautiful leaves and flowers for up to 20 years.

Cyclamen, home care for which is not difficult, is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful indoor flowers. Its value lies not only in decorative qualities, but also in medicinal properties, thanks to which you can easily cope with sinusitis without resorting to medical treatment.

In nature, cyclamen, represented by 20 species, is found in the Mediterranean, Africa and the Middle East. In culture, as a rule, two varieties are cultivated.

Persian cyclamen.

The species is most popular in indoor floriculture due to the high degree of decorativeness, which occurs not only during the flowering period. Beautiful leaf plates of green color are large in size. With the onset of the flowering phase, which lasts from late autumn to early spring, pink, lilac, purple flowers bloom with throats of other tones. Among the varieties, miniature representatives of the species are popular: Pink, Victoria, Spring Moth, Striata.

European cyclamen.

View with a tuberous root system, preferring coolness when in the apartment. It blooms with pink, white and carmine flowers from May to October. Among the varieties that can be purchased in stores are common: Purpurascens, Lake garda, Album.

Cyclamen: basic requirements for growing

In order for the cultivation of cyclamen to bring only pleasure, it is necessary to take into account a number of features of this flower.

1. Regulations for the storage of planting material. The storage of faded cyclamen tubers should not be carried out in a refrigerator, otherwise the bulb may not awaken.
2. Flower intolerance to heat and stuffy atmosphere in the containment room.
3. The appearance of burns on the leaves as a result of exposure to direct sunlight, which leads to a loss of decorative effect.
4. Planting agrotechnics. When grown, the cyclamen bulb should protrude ⅓ above ground level.
5. Intolerance of the plant to an excess of mineral salts.
6. Pot selection. The culture container must not be too large in diameter.

Home care

To ensure a healthy state and long flowering of cyclamen, one should adhere to the agrotechnical regulations for flower care.

Lighting and location

The cyclamen flower must be kept on window sills with diffused light, where there is no access to direct rays. In the summer, it is recommended to take the pot to fresh air. If this is not possible, then it is necessary to organize regular ventilation without drafts.

Temperature

The optimum temperature regime, at which lush and long flowering is observed, varies between 6-15 ° C.

Therefore, the most decorative representatives of the genus are species and varieties whose flowering occurs in the winter.

Soil and pot requirements

The flower prefers a loose, light substrate, which can be purchased at a flower shop or prepared independently from a substrate for cacti, leafy soil and peat in equal parts. The container for planting should not be too spacious: it is enough to take a pot where, when planting the bulb, 2-3 cm remain between its edge and the wall of the dish.

Watering cyclamen and air humidity

With the onset of intensive growth, the flower needs regular watering, during which the soil must have time to dry out. For representatives of this genus, it is recommended to use the technology of bottom irrigation, in which the pot is placed in a pan with water, where it is saturated with moisture until the top layer of soil gets wet. The use of this method will avoid the ingress of water on the growth point, and, accordingly, minimize the threat of the onset of rot development.

In this case, the plant needs a high level of humidity, which is provided by spraying. In the summer months, the regularity of the procedure allows you to lower the temperature by several degrees.

Attention! When growing a flower, it is worth avoiding both waterlogging and strong drying of the earthy coma.

top dressing

During the active growing season, cyclamen is provided with additional nutrition in the form of liquid complex fertilizers for flowering plants. The procedure is carried out twice a month.

Carefully! Due to the intolerance of the flower to a high concentration of mineral salts, when feeding cyclamen, the rule is applied: “it is better to underfeed than to overfeed”.

Care after flowering

After flowering is completed, the culture shows yellowing of the leaf plates, which should be removed. Removal is carried out by twisting until the leaves separate from the bulb. The pot moves to a shaded room, where it remains until awakening. Watering for the dormant period is reduced to a minimum.

Transplant at home

With an interval of a year before the start of active vegetation, the flower is transplanted into a new container with a pre-prepared substrate.

The procedure is carried out as follows:

• a drainage layer in the form of expanded clay is placed at the bottom of the selected pot;
• the bulb is placed in a container by transshipment with an old earthen clod;
• the pot is covered with a new substrate so that ⅓ of the bulb remains on the surface;
• at the end, the soil is compacted and slightly moistened.

Pest and disease control

The appearance of harmful organisms on the flower is noted in case of violation of the agrotechnics of cultivation.

1. The development of fungal diseases, expressed by bulb rot, occurs with systematic waterlogging of the substrate.
2. In case of lack of moisture, the flower is populated with a spider mite.
3. Also, if the requirements for care are violated, cyclamen is affected by aphids, which in turn is a carrier of soot fungus.

As protective measures, when signs of pests and diseases appear, treatments are carried out with insecticidal and fungicidal preparations.

Important! The cyclamen mite is considered the most dangerous pest of the plant, when it appears, it is necessary to immediately carry out a double treatment with an insecticide with an interval of 10 days. Lost time can lead to the death of cyclamen.

Features reproduction of cyclamen

Cyclamen reproduces by generative and vegetative methods.

seed method

With this method of reproduction, the following manipulations are carried out:

• the seed is soaked in a pink solution of potassium permanganate for 10-12 hours;
• in the substrate for cyclamen, grooves are made 1 cm deep, where seeds are placed with a distance of 2-3 cm;
• seed is sprinkled with soil;
• the container is covered with glass and placed in a bright room with a temperature of 18-20 ° C;
• after 1-6 months, depending on the variety, sprouts appear;
• after the emergence of seedlings, the glass is removed;
• when one pair of true leaves is formed on the seedlings, the seedlings dive;
• after six months, the seedlings are planted in separate pots.

Tuber division

The vegetative propagation method is used only in cases where the tuber has more than one growth point:

• the young tuber is separated from the mother;
• the neatly separated part is planted in a separate container.

Yellowing of leaf plates can be caused by such reasons:

1. Irrigation violation. To avoid the problem, bottom watering is organized when the earthen clod dries out.
2. Stuffy and hot atmosphere in the containment room. To eliminate the negative factor, it is required to ensure regular airing and spraying of the pot culture.
3. Preparing for a dormant period. The natural process that occurs after flowering.

Cyclamen does not bloom

The main reasons why the absence of flowers on a crop may be noted are:

• lack of soil and air moisture;
• high temperature in the room where cyclamen is grown.

So, subject to simple care rules, the florist will delight himself and his household with the long flowering of a spectacular plant that will give a lot of positive emotions, especially necessary in winter.

ATTENTION: The cyclamen plant belongs to the genus of herbaceous perennials of the Myrsinaceae family, but some scientists believe that it originated from the Primrose family. The name of the plant comes from the Latin root, denoting the concept of "round", as the shape of cyclamen tubers.

Cyclamen is not only a beautiful plant, but also medicinal, because diluted cyclamen juice helps treat sinusitis, but you should be very careful not to burn the mucous membrane (about medicinal and useful properties cyclamen, chemical composition, as well as contraindications to its use, read).

Many lovers of growing flowers doubt whether they should plant this unique flower, because there is an opinion that it is very whimsical. Don't believe it's not true beautiful cyclamen is unpretentious, loves coolness and partial shade. He, like every plant, has certain requirements, if they are met, he will delight you for more than one year.

Before getting to know cyclamen better, it is advisable to read information about it in order to know in advance about its properties and needs, so as not to harm the flower in the future and prevent it from dying.

When does the indoor flower bloom and how often? If you properly care for cyclamen, it will bloom for a long time and continuously.. The flowering period is from autumn to spring, for the entire flowering period one plant has about 60-70 flowers.

Cyclamen flowers have a large number of color palettes, from snow-white to all shades of pink, purple, burgundy. The leaves of the flower are beautiful heart-shaped and collected in a rosette.

It is able to bloom all year round, without going on vacation, and can please you for only a few months. It blooms profusely from November to March., later he goes on vacation to gain strength - for a new flowering.

This plant needs to be properly looked after so that it blooms as long as possible, because it is the right care that contributes to the flowering of the plant.

Peculiarities

A feature and advantage of cyclamen is its long flowering, which is also very effective. During the flowering period, it has a very delicate aroma.

At home, the flower feels quite comfortable, if it stands in the right place and is properly cared for, it will thank you with its flowering for quite some time. In fact, the plant is unpretentious, beautiful, medicinal, which must be treated correctly.

IMPORTANT: Cyclamen flowers can be smooth and delicate, and can be velvety, small and very large, it all depends on the variety of cyclamen, and there are a considerable number of them.

How to care?

In order for the plant to bloom and please the eye, you need to know how to properly care for it. First of all, the flower must be protected from drafts.. If you decide to put it on the windowsill, then it is desirable that the window does not open there. But surprisingly, it grows remarkably well in a cool room, where it is only 10-12 degrees.

Cyclamen needs light, but direct sunlight is harmful to it.

We talked in detail about the secrets of caring for cyclamen at home in.

Pests

need in pallet, it is impossible to water the plant from above, otherwise the tubers may begin to rot. It is necessary to distribute moisture evenly so that overflow does not occur or, conversely, the earthen lump does not dry out.

Constantly, except for the rest period. Top dressing should begin a couple of weeks after the purchase of the plant. If you have grown cyclamen yourself, you should start feeding a week after the sprouts appear.

Before fertilizing, make sure that the earth ball is well saturated with water. Complex mineral fertilizers are well suited for top dressing.

Transfer

Proper transplantation also affects flowering.. You need to be very careful not to damage the roots. The plant needs to be transplanted into a low, but wide container.

ADVICE: While the roots have not completely taken root, you need to water not very often, and then gradually increase moisture.

It is very important to create aeration of the cyclamen root system. It is desirable to use a breathable substrate of coarse fiber peat. For optimal soil composition, equal parts of sand, humus and peat are needed, as well as three parts of leafy soil. In order not to risk it, you can purchase it at a special flower shop.

Transplantation should be done in the summer, while the plant does not bloom.. In order for the transplant to proceed correctly, follow these rules:

• before planting on the bottom of the pot, you must first pour a layer of expanded clay, then add the prepared soil, on which to place the plant and sprinkle it on the sides with an earthen mixture;
• after transplantation, the upper third of the tuber of the plant should remain above the ground;
• after transplanting, the plant should be watered after 10-12 days;
• after the transplant has been made, in early September, when young leaves begin to form, the flower must be rearranged in a cool but sunny place.

Watch a video about the correct cyclomen transplant:

With age, the plant grows, the flowers become smaller. In order for the plant not to lose the size of the flowers, it should be propagated.

AT room conditions cyclamen cultivation can last up to 7 years. After this period, cyclamen is no longer suitable for breeding, so you need to buy a new one. The bulb can not be thrown away, but used for medicinal purposes from sinusitis.

Reproduction of cyclamen is a troublesome business. For industrial purposes, it is propagated using seeds. You can do this yourself by dividing the tuber. But since this is a very difficult task, the most in a simple way is child reproduction by a tuber. To do this, you just need to separate the young tuber from the mother and plant it in a separate container.

All other methods of propagation of cyclamen, in particular, through seeds, are not effective.

ATTENTION: As soon as the leaves begin to turn yellow, watering is reduced, preventing the earthy coma from drying out. A pot with a tuber is placed in a shaded cool place.

Another option for home care to preserve the tubers: after flowering, watering is reduced, and when all the leaves fall, the pot with the plant is laid on its side. The roots do not die off and, in order not to dry out the soil, cyclamen is sometimes watered.

After the cyclamen has gone to rest, its bulb cannot be stored in the refrigerator.. Otherwise, after the end of the rest, he may not wake up. In order for cyclamen to come out of its “holiday” again, you just need to put it in a dark place, such as a balcony, basement, or simply put it under the bathroom.

During dormancy, it is advised to water the plant no more than 1 time in 2 weeks. Watering should be done with warm water with phytohormones, while you can not get on the flowers, leaves and bulbs.

Watch video about:

If your cyclamen leaves turn yellow, and its flowers remain strong and healthy, then you have dry and warm air in the room. You should ventilate the room as often as possible for the favorable flowering of your plant.

If your cyclamen is starting to rot, your soil may be waterlogged.. This is dangerous and the plant may die. Therefore, you need to monitor the plant and water it correctly so that it does not die due to your mistake.

If the plant looks painful in appearance, then your cyclamen struck the cyclamen mite and it is worth starting to fight it as soon as possible.

Try not to overwater the plant so that it does not start to rot, do not get on the leaves and flowers when watering, it is advisable to water the cyclamen through the pan.

• do not put in too hot place;
• the plant was planted in a large pot;
• the plant was watered not through the pan, but directly on the tuber;
• the plant has not been fed for a long time or the fertilizer had a large amount of nitrogen.

Conclusion

The main rule is to strictly follow the recommendations of experienced flower growers when planting and caring for the plant. If you give cyclamen a little time and care, he will thank you with his beautiful and abundant flowering. Cyclamen flowers are very delicate, unusual and showy. , grown at home with careful care and attention, is able to create comfort and a joyful atmosphere in the house.

We especially need positive emotions in the autumn-winter period, when there are so few sunny days. At this time, most of them are in bloom, which distinguishes them from other plants. Thanks to this flowering schedule, we can admire other bright plants in summer, and enjoy the flowering of beautiful cyclamen in cold autumn and winter.

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Solomon's flower, alpine violet, dryaqua ... People call it differently cyclamen. The heat-loving representative of primroses has an exquisite delicate aroma and unusual beauty. Graceful petals are like moth wings, and basal leaves are pierced with silver-gray patterns. The tuberous root looks like a circle - hence the Greek name cyclamen. Home care is not easy, but with a careful approach, it will not be any particular problem. In response to care, the flower will create a special atmosphere in the house, delighting the eye with its modest charm.

Cyclamen flower: types and varieties

Breeders have bred hybrids for home and garden breeding: heat-loving and frost-resistant, with smooth and double petals. Thirty species and dozens of varieties are represented by cyclamens. Growing and caring for hybrids and varieties at home differ in some nuances.

Persian cyclamen

From October to May, when many flowers are resting, Persian cyclamen delights with bright flowering (photo below).

The leaves with a serrated edge are pierced with a network of marble veins. Fragrant flowers: white, pink, red - elegantly stretched out on slender peduncles. Slightly capricious Persian cyclamen. Care at home consists for him in high humidity, frequent spraying, top dressing, keeping in a cool room.

Tip: you should place the flower on the windowsill on the east side, avoid drafts and hot air flows from central heating batteries.

European cyclamen

For flower growers who first decided on a close acquaintance with cyclamens, it is worth recommending European cyclamen (photo below), which came to us from Europe.

It is modest and unpretentious, does not require daily attention, blooms from April to November. Numerous pink or pale purple flowers, swaying on long peduncles, exude a delicate aroma. Feels great not only indoors, but also in the garden. If we compare European and Persian cyclamen, the differences in the photo are appearance almost imperceptible: the European variety has a slightly smaller size of flowers, but the “European” blooms not so abundantly. The main difference is the timing of flowering.

Rare species of cyclamen

Kossky cyclamen blooms in early spring or winter. Glossy heart-shaped leaves, single large snow-white, pale pink, red or dark purple single large flowers. Homeland - the warm coast of the Black, Mediterranean and Aegean seas. Partial shade is preferred for successful cultivation.

Caucasian cyclamen blooms at the end of winter and pleases with flowering from the end of winter to April. The color of the petals is diverse: from pastel tones to bright and saturated. Homeland - the high-mountainous eastern part of the Black Sea coast (from the Crimea to Northern Iran). When grown indoors, it especially needs a drained substrate.

Care for cyclamen at home

The first thing to take care of if a charming modest plant has settled in the house is to collect information about what the cyclamen flower loves, how to care for it at home. After all, cyclamen will bloom for a long time and profusely only if all the necessary requirements are met.

Be careful when buying cyclamen! A healthy plant looks like this:

• The tuber, heavy and resilient, looks out of the ground;
• The buds are located on the top of the tuber;
• The bush is strong and dense;
• The leaves are elastic, the pattern on the surface of the leaf plate is clear.

Cyclamen transplant after purchase

When cyclamen arrives in a new place, care after purchase consists in its acclimatization: the plant must get used to unusual conditions for it.

It is important in which soil mixture is cyclamen. Transplantation after purchase is required if the tuber is placed in the transport soil instead of the required substrate.

The algorithm for transplanting cyclamen after purchase is as follows:

1. The transport soil (peat) is washed off with warm water;
2. The tuber is processed with a root and placed in the ground so that one part remains above the soil level;
3. Transplanted cyclamen needs a low temperature, watered occasionally;
4. With the active appearance of leaves, watering increases.

In the future, cyclamen transplantation at home is performed when the roots in the container become crowded or there is a need to replace the soil. For a plant, this action is always traumatic, so the following rules should be observed:

• The best time to move the plant to a new container is when cyclamen comes out of dormancy;
• A flowering plant must not be disturbed;
• Overgrown roots need to be moved to a new container along with the old clod of earth.

It is important to know how to transplant cyclamen into another pot taking into account the characteristics of the root system. In European cyclamen, the roots are located throughout the volume of the tuber - when transplanting, the tuber must be buried in the soil mixture. In Persian cyclamen, the roots are located on the bottom of the tuber - the top of the tuber should protrude from the ground.

Watering

Particular attention should be paid to how to water cyclamen at home. This should be done carefully by pouring water around the edge of the pot or by placing the flower container in a container filled with water. So the roots will absorb the necessary amount of moisture, and the leaves and the upper part of the tuber will be protected. Cyclamen loves watering moderate: drying out the soil will do less harm than excess moisture, which leads to yellowing of the leaves.

How often to water cyclamen: in summer - as soon as the top layer of soil dries slightly, in winter - occasionally.

Lighting

Cyclamen is a flower, the care of which does not allow a careless attitude to details. A heat-loving plant loves light, but it is hard to endure the direct scorching rays of the sun. Scattered sun rays, partial shade These are favorable conditions for its successful development.

Tip: windows on the east or west side of the house - the best choice. If the window is south, then it should be shaded, if the north window, additionally illuminated.

Soil, fertilizers and top dressing

Cyclamen loves slightly acidic or neutral substrate, based on leafy soil (2 parts), sand (1 part) and perlite or humus (1 part). The soil must be steamed or calcined, treated with a solution of potassium permanganate of a weak consistency - this will help prevent the development of diseases. Likes fertilizer flower cyclamen. How to care for him using top dressing:

• During the flowering period, universal fertilizer is applied after 2 weeks;
• During the growing season - once a month;
• When the plant is at rest, top dressing is contraindicated.

Care for cyclamen after flowering

The annual cycle of the plant gradually slows down, and now the cyclamen has faded. What to do next, so that after the rest he resumed his vital activity with renewed vigor? Caring for cyclamen after flowering consists of the following:

1. Remove wilted flowers and drooping leaves;
2. Stop feeding;
3. Reduce watering;
4. Keep the tubers in the soil, occasionally moistening it.

When the dormant period ends and the plant begins to revive and unfold the first leaves, you need to transplant it, resume watering, and start feeding. If all actions are performed correctly, then buds will soon appear, and then the cyclamen flower will open in all its glory and will again delight others with bright colors.

Reproduction of cyclamen

There are two ways to propagate cyclamen at home: vegetative and seed.

Growing cyclamen from seeds

Growing cyclamen from seeds at home is a simple process, but requires careful treatment. Use the algorithm on how to grow cyclamen from seeds at home:

1. The seeds are soaked, sown in a mixture of peat and sand, placed under glass, left in the dark;
2. Periodically moisten the substrate;
3. When shoots appear, they can be planted in separate pots;
4. Place containers with seedlings in a bright place.

The first flowering will come in 12-18 months.

How to propagate cyclamen

The second way how cyclamen reproduces at home is vegetative. If after flowering a daughter tuber has formed, it can be planted separately, buried in the soil by 2/3. Reproduction of cyclamen at home is also done with "eyes":

1. Divide the tuberous bulb, a kidney and part of the roots should remain on each lobe;
2. Dry the slices with charcoal;
3. Place each piece in a seedling substrate.

European, Persian, Caucasian cyclamen reproduction by dividing the tuber is tolerated calmly.

Cyclamen diseases and their treatment with photos

Cyclamen has three main problems:

• Leaves turn yellow;
• Leaves curl;
• Flowering is absent.

Consider briefly the diseases of cyclamen and their treatment (with photo).

Why do cyclamen leaves turn yellow

The reasons why cyclamen leaves turn yellow during flowering can be different:

• Sharp temperature changes;
• Soil depletion;
• Waterlogging or drying of the soil layer;
• Sun burns.

Ill cyclamen, leaves turn yellow. What to do in this case? If the tuber is soft and crushes when pressed, then the plant cannot be saved. In other cases, it is urgent to create optimal conditions for irrigation, lighting, temperature, nutrition.

Why do cyclamen leaves curl?

When the question arises why cyclamen leaves curl, this should be an alarm sign, signaling one of the reasons:

• Dry air and high temperature - you need to humidify the air and lower the temperature in the room;
• The presence of pests - treat with appropriate drugs or folk remedies;
• The defeat as a result of Fusarium wilt or gray rot - remove dry leaves, treat the plant with fungicides, transplant into fresh soil.

Why doesn't cyclamen bloom?

To solve the problem of why cyclamen does not bloom at home, the following measures should be taken:

• Reduce air temperature by spraying the plant and airing the room;
• Feed the flower with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers;
• Check the degree of deepening of the bulb;
• Check if the volume of the pot corresponds to the size of the tuber (3 cm from the tuber to the container wall).

It is believed that cyclamen generates positive energy, protects the family from conflicts, plays the role of a peacemaker, encourages good deeds, and gives hope. This is how cyclamen evaluates home care created by its owners.